|
|
handshake :handshake :handshake
守望相助，2008，挺起中国的脊梁！
综合阅读以下文献综述，可以得出初步估计高发疫情主要是
1。由于空气污染导致的细菌病毒引起的呼吸道疾病暴发，特别是针对免疫力低下的伤者集中的避难所；
2。水源污染，没有清洁饮用水导致的肠道疾病，如痢疾，霍乱，诺如病毒性肠炎，钩端螺旋体病；
3。蚊虫传播的疾病，如疟疾
4。尸体没有得到妥善处理，腐烂后污染水源。
5。血源性传播疾病，因灾区用血量迅速增加，检测手段滞后，如HIV ,HBV,HCV等
6。机会性感染。受外伤后免疫力低下患者极易感染机会性病原体，如白念，隐球菌，由于灾区伤者多且集中，容易形成爆发感染。
7。寄生虫疾病，卫生设施不够，食物被污染等感染寄生虫的机会大大增加，如溶组织内阿米巴，环孢子虫病，贾弟虫病等。
8。大家再补充，呵呵。
JAMA. 1997 Mar 19;277(11):904-8.Links
A coccidioidomycosis outbreak following the Northridge, Calif, earthquake.
美国加州地震后球孢子菌病暴发
Schneider E, Hajjeh RA, Spiegel RA, Jibson RW, Harp EL, Marshall GA, Gunn RA, McNeil MM, Pinner RW, Baron RC, Burger RC, Hutwagner LC, Crump C, Kaufman L, Reef SE, Feldman GM, Pappagianis D, Werner SB.
Epidemic Intelligence Service (EIS), Community Disease Control, County of San Diego Department of Health Services, CA, USA.
OBJECTIVE: To describe a coccidioidomycosis outbreak in Ventura County following the January 1994 earthquake, centered in Northridge, Calif, and to identify factors that increased the risk for acquiring acute coccidioidomycosis infection. DESIGN: Epidemic investigation, population-based skin test survey, and case-control study. SETTING: Ventura County, California. RESULTS: In Ventura County, between January 24 and March 15, 1994, 203 outbreak-associated coccidioidomycosis cases, including 3 fatalities, were identified (attack rate [AR], 30 cases per 100,000 population). The majority of cases (56%) and the highest AR (114 per 100,000 population) occurred in the town of Simi Valley, a community located at the base of a mountain range that experienced numerous landslides associated with the earthquake. Disease onset for cases peaked 2 weeks after the earthquake. The AR was 2.8 times greater for persons 40 years of age and older than for younger persons (relative risk, 2.8; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.1-3.7; P |
|
发表于 2008-5-14 21:07:00
发表于 2008-5-14 21:07:01
